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THE CLARION CALL OF THE SHOFAR

“Can you hear it? In the distance is that sound! The Clarion Call of the Shofar. During the Month of Elul the Shofar is sounded – calling us to prepare, to be ready.” – I am a child sitting at a desk in my Hebrew School and my Rabbi has enthralled us with these words – “Prepare. Be ready!” We became excited with thoughts of hearing the shofar sounding out across the classrooms, down the hall, through the sanctuary, out into the street, calling, calling, announcing to everyone that the New Year was upon us, Be Ready!

Though I can’t speak for my classmates – I know that the call of the Shofar resonated deep within me. I always felt an awakening, a sense that something important, something wonderful was approaching.

Even before starting Religious School I remember my father picking me up so that I could not only hear that Clarion Call but actually witness the Baal T’Kiah – the person honored with the blowing of the Shofar.

What is a shofar? A shofar is a musical instrument of ancient origin, made of a horn, traditionally that of a ram, and used for religious purposes. Like the modern bugle, the shofar lacks pitch-altering devices. The Baal T’Kiah uses facial muscles and how he or she holds their lips to the mouthpiece to make different sounds.

In order to master the different sounds, the Baal T’Kiah can change how they use air to create each shofar call. Each call is known as a T’Kiah, or blast. The four most well-known sounds we hear each and every Rosh Hashanah are the T’Kiah (one blast), Sh’varim (broken- 3 short blasts), T’ruah (alarm – rapid series of 9 or more short blasts), and the T’Kiah G’dolah (Great blast – a single unbroken blast held as long as possible).

The shofar sounds, like music, are meant to stir our heart and soul and help us to change our ways:

  • T’Kiah – a steady, clean sound asking you to search your heart and seek repentance
  • Sh’varim –a staccato or quivering sound indicating regret when one realizes their misdeeds and then desires to change
  • T’ruah – a wavelike sound of alarm that hearkens us to return to the mitzvot
  • T’Kiah G’dolah – the last blast entreating us to sincerely change for the better

So why did we blow the Shofar during every day (except for Shabbat) in the month of Elul? Elul is the time to prepare for the Yamim Nora’im. The T’Kiah sounds out to call the community to reflect on the past year individually and collectively. The Clarion Call of the Shofar was heard, usually after the Morning Minyan. This was done through the 28th of Elul, and on the 29th of Elul the day prior to Rosh Hashanah; we do not blow the Shofar. As the month of divine mercy and forgiveness, Elul is an opportunity for t’shuvah (“return” to G‑d), prayer, charity, and increased Ahavat Yisrael (love for a fellow Jew), in the quest for self-improvement and coming closer to G‑d. This is a time to search our hearts and draw closer to G-d in preparation for the Days of Awe. Through the Clarion call of the Shofar our hearts stir, our souls ache, and we begin the process of T’shuvah.

During the year we get lost in our daily lives. Our spirituality takes a back seat to everyday living. What started out as an opportunity to come back spiritually to G-d (T’shuvah) during the last High Holy Days becomes nothing more than a faintly remembered thought. The Clarion call of the Shofar during the Month of Elul awakens our spirit and reminds us to be prepared.

It is for this reason that we marked each weekday of Elul with the sounds of the shofar. It can be said that these series of blasts may emulate the sound of crying, our cry of tears over our past failures and shortcomings. And just as one can feel better after a cathartic cry, we can awaken ourselves to renew and reinvigorate our relationship with G-d.

During Rosh Hashanah we will hear 100 blasts of the shofar with its varying calls. Allow those calls to reverberate within you, feel the sounds stir your heart, allow the calls reach deep within your spirit and join us at DHJC as we begin the New Year of 5776.

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Setting Jewish Priorities in our Modern Age

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Our Minyan had a wonderful experience the other evening.  There was a family program in our Synagogue which ended just prior to our evening Minyan.  There were many families who attended this wonderful program.  As I was coming in to set up the Minyan room vehicles were leaving the Synagogue parking lot.  One family however came into the Minyan room.  They wanted to make sure that there would be a Minyan as the roads were once again covered in a little snow and ice.  This family has two children, one recently Bar Mitzvah and the younger still a couple of years away. 

 

What I found inspiring was the younger child asked why they had to stay, and the father noted that it was important to make sure that there would be a Minyan of 10 adults for those who need to say Mourner’s Kaddish.  They were already at the Synagogue, and instead of leaving like the other families, they felt it would be a priority to help make the Minyan. 

 

Today, families find themselves torn in different directions.  What once was a priority no longer is seen as important. When I grew up the Synagogue was an important part of my life.  Families made it a priority not only to belong to a Synagogue and train for Bar/Bat Mitzvah, but to be the center of their Jewish lives.  My Synagogue was a bustle of activity with young families abound, children in the halls, not just for Religious School or tutoring, but for youth events, for concerts, or even just to hang out with the Rabbi and the Cantor.  We wanted to be there.  Not because our generation was extremely religious, but because it was our Synagogue.  It was our second home, a place where we were comfortable. 

 

This comfortable feeling we had for our Synagogue, and our Clergy, was created by our parents who made it a priority to bring us to Religious School, to get us involved with youth groups, to secure in us, the next generation, a strong Jewish identity.  It does not mean that every one of us became Rabbis, Cantors, or Jewish leaders.  What it did was pass down to us, the next generation, those Jewish values which defined us as American Jews.  Though it must not have been easy for our parents to run us to these events at our Synagogue, they felt it important that those values, those traditions, that sense of Jewish self and confidence, be passed on to our generation, L’Dor Vador (Generation to generation). 

 

So what has happened?  Why have the Synagogues, and that strong sense of Judaism become less of a priority?  Where has the succeeding generations of parents failed and where has our movement failed?  These are questions that I am sure others have better answers, or maybe they do not. 

 

This family I speak about above is very much like my family.  Their Synagogue, their Jewish identity, their Jewish values are important, and they pass those values to their children.  They are not extremely religious however the Synagogue is a large part of their lives.  They encourage their older child to be active in the youth programming in the Synagogue, to be active in reading the Torah on Shabbat as part of the Synagogue’s Yad Squad.  They also encourage him to continue to lead services with me when there is no Bar/Bat Mitzvah being celebrated.  This is one family – and I can say that there are others in my Synagogue who share this value.

 

The Jewish identity of our children, of the future generation, starts at the home.  It is not just the responsibility of one parent, but both parents.  Parents should be living by example, making the Synagogue a center of their lives.  In today’s world, with the Internet making the world smaller, with other organizations out there vying for our support, our attention, our time, it makes it that much harder.  However for the next generation to have that connection with the Synagogue, that connection with their Jewish identity, families need to lead by example. 

 

Another issue is even more troubling.  Many Synagogues over the last decade have cut the time of Religious School.  When I was younger my Religious School was three afternoons a week, Shabbat attendance (Friday night and Saturday morning), and Sunday mornings.  However today, families find themselves torn in many different directions.  Instead of standing ground and having our children make the Synagogue the center, we split everything.  Today, if Synagogues do not adjust the amount of time and days that students need to attend Synagogue, families go somewhere else that gives less. 

 

The Synagogues, to keep membership happy, change their programs to fewer days, less attendance at Shabbat, and less learning.  Then when a child comes up for Bar/Bat Mitzvah and they struggle with the Hebrew, they struggle with the Judaic concepts, and the Synagogue gets the blame.  The troubling aspect in this goes with the fact that it was the families which insist on fewer days, less learning, less time, however they are expecting their children to be as knowledgeable as they were when they went three days a week, plus Sunday mornings, plus more Shabbat attendance.  Even in our technologically advanced society that can-not work.  It is a recipe for mediocrity. 

 

So how do we, as leaders in the Jewish Community, as parents raising our children in this modern age, how do we solve this dilemma?  Is there an easy fix?  Can we just go back to the old ways or should we look for more advanced ways to make the Synagogue, and L’Dor Vador, once again, the center of Jewish Life?  These are questions which we need to ask ourselves, not only as leaders of the Jewish Community, but as Jewish Parents. 

 

Generations from now, if we keep on this track, will the Synagogues only be Museums?  Places people attend on a school trip as an anachronism, a thing of the past.  Is that what we want for our children, and their children, and generations beyond?  Or do we want to pass down our wonderful rich heritage of a full and rich Jewish life which goes hand in hand with our modern, ever changing world? 

 

Make the Synagogue a priority, have your children, your grandchildren, get to know their Rabbi and Cantor.  Have them come to services and participate.  Have them attend their Religious School.  Go to Jewish Museums; take them on trips to Israel.  Celebrate the holidays as if they were each not only special, but life growing experiences for our children.  L’Dor Vador – keep the flame going, don’t let the light go out (as stated in Peter Yarrow’s wonderful song).  Not only as leaders, but as parents, let us work together to bring our wonderful culture, our values, our beliefs, to being number one in our lives.  Not only as something for our children, but for ourselves. 

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The Importance of a Daily Minyan in our Modern World

“One of the 613 commandments of the Torah is the requirement to pray.  The Torah tells us in Deuteronomy that every Jew is required to ‘serve G-d with his whole heart and with his whole soul.’  The Talmud asks, ‘What is meant by serving G-d with one’s heart?’  It concludes that this verse means we are required to pray. “   (THE ART OF JEWISH PRAYER BY Yitzchok Kirzner with Lisa Aiken, The Judaica Press, Inc. New York © Copyright 1991, 2002 pg.20)

This brief paragraph is from one of the books I started reading on my journey to become a Cantor.  I grew up knowing and appreciating the importance of daily prayer along with a Minyan.  There are many prayers that we can only say when we have a quorum, a Minyan of ten adults.  There is something wonderful about joining others from a community in prayer.  As our voices all join together in singing the T’fillah, it is uplifting.

To me, it was always important that whether I belonged to, or worked in a Synagogue, that Synagogue had to have a daily Minyan.  Other than the Mitzvah (as stated above in the quote) to “… serve G-d with his whole heart…” there is something glorious in starting and ending your day with a core group devoted to prayer, to serving G-d with their hearts and souls. 

I have written previously about Daily Minyanim not being just for Mourners.  It is a wonderful way to start and end your day.  In our daily lives we sometimes forget about others, we forget about connecting with people, we forget about G-d.  We wake up, we go to work (or school), we do our duties, we come home, and we go to bed.  True there are other things we do, but in essence that is what we are doing. 

When we start our day with a community in prayer we are awake, we are energized, we can face the challenges the day presents to us.  When we end our day with a community in prayer we have the opportunity, through prayer with a community, to unload the pressures of the day and greet our loved ones with a clearer mind. 

The daily Minyanim in a Synagogue truly represent the heart of the community.  Why the heart?  Daily Minyanim (at least in the modern view) tend to be geared towards making sure there is a Minyan, a Quorum of ten adults available to help those saying Kaddish for a departed loved one, or a time when one goes back for the Yartzeit, the anniversary of the death of a loved one.  When one has experienced a loss, or remembering a departed one, their ‘heart’ is grieving, is feeling that emptiness.  Those who attend the Minyan (who are not in mourning but there to support the community) are the ‘heart’ in that they are there to support the community.  To not only pray together to  “… serve G-d…” but to also be part of the community by supporting those who have experienced loss.  Letting those in mourning know that they are not alone and do not have to be alone. 

Synagogues with daily Minyanim – vibrant, active Minyanim – have a strong heart.  Like our hearts, they support those in grief, they can be grieving, they are compassionate, they are empathetic, and they are sympathetic.  Like a heart they represent the physical pulse of the community.  There is a beat, a tempo, not only in the support of the community but to the prayers. 

Unfortunately there are Synagogues out there that have trouble on a daily basis supporting the Minyan.  They are not able to get their quorum, there Minyan of ten adults.  Many stop having daily Minyanim.  Their hearts whither and pass on.  This, to me, is one of the saddest things to hear.  What happens to those in the community who are grieving and want the support of, not only family and friends, but their community?  They end up either looking for another place within their area with an active daily Minyan, or even worse – they have to go through their grief alone. 

Another way that the daily Minyan acts as a ‘heart’ to the community is that the people who attend the daily Minyan are part of the community on a daily basis.  Like our own hearts, we sometimes take it for granted.  Our hearts beat, they have a pulse, and they keep up a healthy blood flow.  When we are healthy do we focus on our own hearts?  We take it for granted that it is there, it is working properly, and we don’t really think about it until there is a problem.  Many communities look at the daily Minyan in this way.  And unfortunately, even when there is a problem (like obtaining a proper quorum) people will go on the attitude that someone else will go. 

Like our own hearts – it is important for us to keep that heart healthy.  Keep the pulse going strong.  True – loss of a loved one is a part of life, part of the cycle.  The daily Minyanim are there to support those who experience loss.  However the daily Minyanim are also there for us to “… serve G-d with all of our heart…”, to pray together as a community, to start and invigorate our day with members of our communities in prayer, then to end, and ‘de-tox’ from the daily challenges in the late afternoon with members of our communities in prayer. 

Like anything we start new, it is a habit that can be joyfully created.  The daily Minyanim are not long services, and in the short amount of time it takes to join with our communities in prayer can be so gratifying.  Not only knowing that you are supporting those within the community in grief, that you are serving G-d, but also knowing that you are starting your day by keeping the heart of the community strong and healthy. 

If your Synagogue has a daily Minyan, a heart, join the heart.  Even if you can-not, for whatever reason, commit on a daily basis, find one or two days a week that you can go in the morning and the late afternoon.  If enough people in the community can even do that – they can not only assure the heart of the community will stay strong, but they will build a beautiful habit of starting and ending the day with their community. 

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As I like to say, “I earned my stripes this morning”.  While in Minyan davening Birkhot Ha-Shachar we get to the section of Rabbinic Texts to study.  I usually pick one to meditate on, or I ready something from another of my sources prior to the Kaddish DeRabbanon.  I read the Section from II Genesis Rabbah 38.6

גָּדוֹל הַֹשָלוֹם, ….. הָא לָמַֽדְתָּ: גָּדוֹל הַֹשָּלוֹם וּשְנוּאַה הַמַּחֲלֹֽקֶת.

This is just the opening two words and the end – “Great is Peace….” and ending with “Learn, therefore, that peace is great and strife is hateful.”  I began to ruminate on this small section and started thinking about things going on in the world, things going on in our government.

When we begin looking at what is going on in our government, at least to me it is disgusting.  We vote our “leaders” into office, regardless of party affiliation, to do a job.  And the hope for this is that there is a bipartisan government where all parties will work together for the benefit of the people, their constituents who voted them into office – we the people whom through our voice in the ballots gave them their jobs, gave them their power.  Instead the political process has once again reared it’s head with the current “shutdown”.

You can-not blame one party or the other – this is a situation where no-one from either side is willing to come to the table.  Oh yes… they will “spin” it that the other party is to blame, but when it comes down to it – all of them, every one of the politicians, regardless of party affiliation – are to blame.  From the President on down to the first year Congressman.

But thanks to our Media, and thanks to the “spin tanks” of both parties they do their usual manipulation of the public, thinking that the entire public are unintelligent and will believe everything they “spin”.

For many years my son Nathan has stated that it is time for another party, that the current politicians are all corrupt.  Maybe Nathan has a point – and it can-not be a party that is already around with the same old leaders with the same old partisan beliefs and only interested in their positions and their power.

There are good politicians out there – people like Ted Deutch from Florida is one who comes to mind.  But they are few and far between.  Daily we see our country, not as an example to the world, but as a Reality TV show – what is the big United States Government going to do next?

So what does all this have to do with the Rabbinic Text I ruminated on this morning?

גָּדוֹל הַֹשָלוֹם, ….. הָא לָמַֽדְתָּ: גָּדוֹל הַֹשָּלוֹם וּשְנוּאַה הַמַּחֲלֹֽקֶת.

“Great is Peace…. Learn, therefore, that peace is great and strife is hateful.”

By playing partisan politics and not being willing to listen and compromise with other leaders – our government leaders – whom we the people have voted in – regardless of party affiliation – are doing what is hateful.  It does not matter even your religious views – I am not speaking about a purely Jewish concept here – peace is a part of all Religions (this is not a religious debate here and I am not speaking on fanaticism).

Our leaders need to learn to respect each other.  Our leaders need to learn that there are many ways towards solutions.  To all of our leaders – from the President down to the first year Congressman – you all should be ashamed of yourselves.  “Great is Peace…. Learn, therefore, that peace is great and strife is hateful.”  End the strife and come together in peace and do your jobs.

Great Is Peace

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